Derm Note

中醫外科線上參考書
皮膚科學習園地

Case：

• 21YOM HSP with abdomen and joint involvement
• 89YOM Drug eruption, anti-TB drug related
• 87YOM cellulitis with ulceration over keloid

Resourse：

• MedPartner | 皮膚疾病
• Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
• Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 8e

指導醫師：吳介山、張喬勝、曾慧文、魏楷哲

Section 1. General Considerations

1 The Epidemiology and Burden of

Skin Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Martin A. Weinstock, MD, PhD &

Mary-Margaret Chren, MD

2 Evidence-Based Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Michael Bigby, MD,

Rosamaria Corona, DSc, MD, &

Moyses Szklo, MD, MPH, DrPH

3 Global Health in Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Roderick J. Hay, DM, FRCP, FRCPath, FMedSci

4 Public Health in Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Hywel C. Williams, MSc, PhD, FRCP,

Sinead M. Langan, MRCP, MSc, PhD, &

Carsten Flohr, BM, BCh (Hons), MA, Mphil,

MRCPCH, MSc, PhD

Section 2. Approach to Dermatologic Diagnosis

5 Structure of Skin Lesions and Fundamentals

of Clinical Diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Amit Garg, MD, Nikki A. Levin, MD, PhD, &

Jeffrey D. Bernhard, MD, FRCP (Edin)

6 Basic Pathologic Reactions of the Skin. . . . . . . . . . 42

Martin C. Mihm Jr., MD, FACP,

Abdul-Ghani Kibbi, MD, FAAD, FACP,

George F. Murphy, MD &

Klaus Wolff, MD, FRCP

Section 3. Overview of Biology, Development, and Structure of Skin

7 Development and Structure of Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . 58

David H. Chu, MD, PhD

8 Genetics in Relation to the Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

John A. McGrath, MD, FRCP &

W. H. Irwin McLean, FRSE, FMedSci

9 Racial Considerations: Skin of Color. . . . . . . . . . . 91

Kavitha K. Reddy, MD, Yolanda M. Lenzy, MD,

MPH, Katherine L. Brown, MD, MPH, &

Barbara A. Gilchrest, MD

PART 2 Disorder s Pre senting in

Skin and Mucou s Mem brane s

Section 4. Inflammatory Disorders Bas ed on T-Cell Reac tivity and Dysregulation

10 Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Skin. . . . 105

Robert L. Modlin, MD, Lloyd S. Miller, MD, PhD,

Christine Bangert, MD, & Georg Stingl, MD

11 Cytokines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Ifor R. Williams, MD, PhD &

Thomas S. Kupper, MD, FAAD

12 Chemokines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Anke S. Lonsdorf, MD &

Sam T. Hwang, MD, PhD

13 Allergic Contact Dermatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Mari Paz Castanedo-Tardan, MD &

Kathryn A. Zug, MD

14 Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema). . . . . . . . . . . 165

Donald Y.M. Leung, MD, PhD,

Lawrence F. Eichenfield, MD, &

Mark Boguniewicz, MD

15 Nummular Eczema, Lichen Simplex

Chronicus, and Prurigo Nodularis. . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Susan Burgin, MD

16 Vesicular Palmoplantar Eczema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Daven N. Doshi, MD, Carol E. Cheng, MD, &

Alexa B. Kimball, MD, MPH

17 Autosensitization Dermatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Donald V. Belsito, MD

18 Psoriasis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Johann E. Gudjonsson, MD, PhD &

James T. Elder, MD, PhD

19 Psoriatic Arthritis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Dafna D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC &

Vinod Chandran, MBBS, MD, DM

20 Reactive Arthritis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

John D. Carter, MD

21 Pustular Eruptions of Palms and Soles . . . . . . . . 253

Ulrich Mrowietz, MD

22 Seborrheic Dermatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Chris D. Collins, MD, FAAD &

Chad Hivnor, MD

23 Exfoliative Dermatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Jane Margaret Grant-Kels, MD,

Flavia Fedeles, MD, MS, & Marti J. Rothe, MD

24 Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

Daniela Bruch-Gerharz, MD &

Thomas Ruzicka, Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c.

25 Parapsoriasis and Pityriasis Lichenoides. . . . . . . 285

Gary S. Wood, MD, Chung-Hong Hu, MD &

Rosemarie Liu, MD

26 Lichen Planus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

Mazen S. Daoud, MD & Mark R. Pittelkow, MD

27 Lichen Nitidus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Mazen S. Daoud, MD &

Mark R. Pittelkow, MD

28 Graft-Versus-Host Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Edward W. Cowen, MD, MHSc

29 Skin Disease in Acute and Chronic

Immunosuppression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Benjamin D. Ehst, MD, PhD &

Andrew Blauvelt, MD

Section 5. Inflammatory Diseases Based on Neutrophils and Eosinophils

30 Regulation of the Production and

Activation of Neutrophils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

Steven M. Holland, MD

31 Regulation of the Production and

Activation of Eosinophils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Kristin M. Leiferman, MD, Lisa A. Beck, MD, &

Gerald J. Gleich, MD

32 Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis

(Sweet Syndrome). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

Philip R. Cohen, MD, Herbert Honigsmann, MD, &

Razelle Kurzrock, MD, FACP

33 Pyoderma Gangrenosum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371

Frank C. Powell, FRCPI, FAAD,

Bridget C. Hackett, MB BCh, BAO, MRCPI, &

Daniel Wallach, MD

34 Granuloma Faciale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380

David A. Mehregan, MD &

Darius R. Mehregan, MD

35 Subcorneal Pustular Dermatosis (Sneddon–

Wilkinson Disease). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Franz Trautinger, MD &

Herbert Honigsmann, MD

36 Eosinophils in Cutaneous Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . 386

Kristin M. Leiferman, MD &

Margot S. Peters, MD

Section 6. Inflammatory Diseases Bas ed on Abnormal Humoral Reactivity and Other Inflammatory Diseases

37 Humoral Immunity and Complement. . . . . . . . . 401

Lela A. Lee, MD

38 Urticaria and Angioedema. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414

Allen P. Kaplan, MD

39 Erythema Multiforme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

Jean-Claude Roujeau, MD

40 Epidermal Necrolysis (Stevens–Johnson

Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis). . . . . 439

L. Valeyrie-Allanore, MD & Jean-Claude Roujeau, MD

41 Cutaneous Reactions to Drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

Neil H. Shear, MD, FRCPC &

Sandra R. Knowles, BScPhm

42 Pityriasis Rosea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458

Andrew Blauvelt, MD

43 Erythema Annulare Centrifugum and Other

Figurate Erythemas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463

Walter H.C. Burgdorf, MD

44 Granuloma Annulare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

Julie S. Prendiville, MB, FRCPC

Section 7. Disorders of Epidermal Differentiation and Keratinization

45 Epidermal Stem Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473

Rebecca J. Morris, PhD

46 Epidermal Growth and Differentiation. . . . . . . . 478

Pierre A. Coulombe, PhD,

Stanley J. Miller, MD, & Tung-Tien Sun, PhD

47 Skin as an Organ of Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486

Ehrhardt Proksch, MD, PhD &

Jens-Michael Jensen, MD

48 Irritant Contact Dermatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

Antoine Amado, MD, Apra Sood, MD, &

James S. Taylor, MD, FAAD

49 The Ichthyoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

Philip Fleckman, MD & John J. DiGiovanna, MD

50 Inherited Palmoplantar Keratodermas . . . . . . . . 538

Mozheh Zamiri, BSc (Hons), MBChB, MRCP, MD,

Maurice A. M. van Steensel, MD, PhD, &

Colin S. Munro, MD, FRCP (Glasg)

51 Acantholytic Disorders of the Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . 550

Susan Burge, OBE, DM, FRCP &

Alain Hovnanian, MD, PhD

52 Porokeratosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563

Grainne M. O’Regan, MRCPI &

Alan D. Irvine, MD, FRCP, FRCPI

Section 8. Disorders of Epidermal and Dermal–Epidermal Adhesion and Vesicular and Bullous Disorders

53 Epidermal and Epidermal–Dermal Adhesion. . . . 569

Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, MD &

Aimee S. Payne, MD, PhD

54 Pemphigus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586

Aimee S. Payne, MD, PhD &

John R. Stanley, MD

55 Paraneoplastic Pemphigus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600

Grant J. Anhalt, MD & Daniel Mimouni, MD

56 Bullous Pemphigoid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 608

Donna A. Culton, MD, PhD, Zhi Liu, PhD, &

Luis A. Diaz, MD

57 Cicatricial Pemphigoid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617

Kim B. Yancey, MD

58 Linear Immunoglobulin A Dermatosis and

Chronic Bullous Disease of Childhood. . . . . . . . 623

Caroline L. Rao, MD & Russell P. Hall III, MD

59 Pemphigoid Gestationis (Herpes Gestationis). . . 630

Jeff K. Shornick, MD, MHA

60 Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634

David T. Woodley, MD & Mei Chen, PhD

61 Dermatitis Herpetiformis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642

Arash Ronaghy, MD, PhD,

Stephen I. Katz, MD, PhD, &

Russell P. Hall III, MD

62 Inherited Epidermolysis Bullosa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649

M. Peter Marinkovich, MD

Section 9. Disorders of the Dermal Connective Tissue

63 Collagens, Elastic Fibers, and Other Extracellular

Matrix Proteins of the Dermis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666

Thomas Krieg, MD, Monique Aumailley,

Manuel Koch, PhD, Mon-Li Chu, PhD, &

Jouni Uitto, MD, PhD

64 Morphea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692

Stephanie Saxton-Daniels, MD &

Heidi T. Jacobe, MD, MSCS

65 Lichen Sclerosus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702

Ulrich R. Hengge, MD, MBA

66 Dermal Hypertrophies and Benign

Fibroblastic/Myofibroblastic Tumors . . . . . . . . . 707

Christine J. Ko, MD

67 Anetoderma and Other Atrophic

Disorders of the Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718

Catherine Maari, MD &

Julie Powell, MD, FRCPC

68 Ainhum and Pseudoainhum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724

Robert T. Brodell, MD & Stephen E. Helms, MD

69 Acquired Perforating Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727

Julia S. Minocha, MD &

Bethanee J. Schlosser, MD, PhD

Section 10. Disorders of Subcutaneous Tissue

70 Panniculitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732

Iris K. Aronson, MD, Patricia M. Fishman, MD, &

Sophie M. Worobec, MD, FAAD

71 Lipodystrophy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755

Abhimanyu Garg, MD

Section 11. Disorders of Melanocytes

72 Biology of Melanocytes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765

Hee-Young Park, PhD & Mina Yaar, MD

73 Albinism and Other Genetic Disorders of

Pigmentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781

Thomas J. Hornyak, MD, PhD

74 Vitiligo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792

Stanca A. Birlea, MD, PhD,

Richard A. Spritz, MD & David A. Norris, MD

75 Hypomelanoses and Hypermelanoses . . . . . . . . 804

Hilde Lapeere, MD, PhD, Barbara Boone, MD, PhD,

Sofie De Schepper, MD, PhD, Evelien Verhaeghe, MD,

Mireille Van Gele, PhD, Katia Ongenae, MD, PhD,

Nanja Van Geel, MD, PhD, Jo Lambert, MD, PhD, &

Lieve Brochez, MD, PhD

Section 12. Disorders of the Oral and Genital Integument

76 Biology and Pathology of the Oral Cavity. . . . . . 827

Sook-Bin Woo, DMD

77 Diseases and Disorders of the Male Genitalia . . . 852

Christopher B. Bunker, MD, FRCP

78 Diseases and Disorders of the Female

Genitalia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 878

Lynette J. Margesson, MD, FRCPC &

F. William Danby, MD, FRCPC, FAAD

PART 3 Disorder s of the

Skin Appendage s

Section 13. Disorders of the Sebaceous Glands

79 Biology of Sebaceous Glands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893

Amanda M. Nelson, PhD &

Diane M. Thiboutot, MD

80 Acne Vulgaris and Acneiform Eruptions. . . . . . . 897

Andrea L. Zaenglein, MD,

Emmy M. Graber, MD, & Diane M. Thiboutot, MD

81 Rosacea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918

Michelle T. Pelle, MD

82 Perioral Dermatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925

Leslie P. Lawley, MD & Sareeta R.S. Parker, MD

Section 14. Disorders of the Eccrine and Apocrine Glands

83 Biology of Eccrine and Apocrine Glands. . . . . . . 929

Theodora M. Mauro, MD

84 Disorders of the Eccrine Sweat Glands and

Sweating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 936

Robert D. Fealey, MD & Adelaide A. Hebert, MD

85 Disorders of the Apocrine Sweat Glands. . . . . . . 947

Christos C. Zouboulis, MD, PhD &

Fragkiski Tsatsou, MD, MSc, BSc

Section 15. Disorders of the Hair and Nails

86 Biology of Hair Follicles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 960

George Cotsarelis, MD &

Vladimir Botchkarev, MD, PhD

87 Keratosis Pilaris and Other Inflammatory

Follicular Keratotic Syndromes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 973

Paradi Mirmirani, MD &

Maureen Rogers, MBBS, FACD

88 Hair Growth Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979

Nina Otberg, MD &

Jerry Shapiro, MD, FRCPC, FAAD

89 Biology of Nails and Nail Disorders. . . . . . . . . . 1009

Antonella Tosti, MD &

Bianca Maria Piraccini, MD, PhD

PART 4 Disorder s Due to the

Environment

Section 16. Disorders Due to Ultraviolet Radiation

90 Fundamentals of Cutaneous Photobiology and

Photoimmunology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031

Irene E. Kochevar, PhD,

Charles R. Taylor, MD, & Jean Krutmann, MD

91 Abnormal Responses to Ultraviolet Radiation:

Idiopathic, Probably Immunologic, and

Photoexacerbated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1049

Travis W. Vandergriff, MD &

Paul R. Bergstresser, MD

92 Abnormal Responses to Ultraviolet

Radiation: Photosensitivity Induced by

Exogenous Agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1066

Henry W. Lim, MD

Section 17. Skin Changes Due to Other Physical and Chemical Factors

93 Thermoregulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1075

Dean L. Kellogg, Jr., MD, PhD

94 Cold Injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1079

Gerald E. Pierard, MD, PhD,

Pascale Quatresooz, MD, PhD, &

Claudine Pierard-Franchimont, MD, PhD

95 Thermal Injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089

Robert L. Sheridan, MD

96 Skin Problems in Amputees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1095

Calum C. Lyon, MA, FRCP &

Michael H. Beck, FRCP, MBChB

97 Skin Problems in Ostomates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104

Calum C. Lyon, MA, FRCP &

Michael H. Beck, FRCP, MBChB

98 Corns and Calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1111

Thomas M. DeLauro, DPM &

Nicole M. DeLauro, DPM

99 Sports Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1115

Dirk M. Elston, MD

100 Decubitus (Pressure) Ulcers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1121

Jennifer G. Powers, MD, Lillian Odo, MD, &

Tania J. Phillips, MD, FRCP, FRCPC

101 Body Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1129

Anne Laumann, MBChB, MRCP(UK), FAAD

Section 18. Neurocutaneous and Psychocutaneous Skin Disease

102 Neurobiology of the Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1137

Martin Steinhoff, MD, PhD &

Thomas A. Luger, MD

103 Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects

of Pruritus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1146

Gil Yosipovitch, MD &

Tejesh S. Patel, MBBS (Lon), BSc (Hons)

104 Psychocutaneous Skin Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1158

Evan Rieder, MD & Francisco A. Tausk, MD

105 Cutaneous Manifestations of Drug Abuse. . . . . 1166

Haley Naik, MD & Richard Allen Johnson, MDCM

106 Skin Signs of Physical Abuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177

Howard B. Pride, MD

PART 6 SKI N CH ANGES ACROSS

THE SPAN OF LIFE

Section 19. From Birth to Old Age

107 Neonatal, Pediatric, and Adolescent

Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1185

Mary Wu Chang, MD

108 Skin Changes and Diseases in Pregnancy. . . . . 1204

Julie K. Karen, MD &

Miriam Keltz Pomeranz, MD

109 Aging of Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1213

Mina Yaar, MD & Barbara A. Gilchrest, MD

PART 7 NEOPLASI A

Section 20. Carcinogenesis

110 Genome Instability, DNA Repair, and

Cancer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1227

Thomas M. Rünger, MD, PhD &

Kenneth H. Kraemer, MD

111 Chemical Carcinogenesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1239

Adam B. Glick, PhD & Andrzej A. Dlugosz, MD

112 Ultraviolet Radiation Carcinogenesis . . . . . . . . 1251

Masaoki Kawasumi, MD, PhD &

Paul Nghiem, MD, PhD

Section 21. Epidermal and App endageal Tumors

113 Epithelial Precancerous Lesions. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1261

Karynne O. Duncan, MD,

John K. Geisse, MD & David J. Leffell, MD

114 Squamous Cell Carcinoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1283

Douglas Grossman, MD, PhD & David J. Leffell, MD

115 Basal Cell Carcinoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1294

John A. Carucci, MD, PhD,

David J. Leffell, MD & Julia S. Pettersen, MD

116 Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1304

Anthony E. Oro, MD, PhD &

Jean Y. Tang, MD, PhD

117 Keratoacanthoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1312

Lorenzo Cerroni, MD & Helmut Kerl, MD

118 Benign Epithelial Tumors,

Hamartomas, and Hyperplasias. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1319

Valencia D. Thomas, MD, Nicholas R. Snavely, MD,

Ken K. Lee, MD & Neil A. Swanson, MD

119 Appendage Tumors and Hamartomas

of the Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1337

Divya Srivastava, MD & R. Stan Taylor, MD

120 Merkel Cell Carcinoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1362

Andrew Tegeder, MS, Olga Afanasiev, BA, &

Paul Nghiem, MD, PhD

121 Mammary and Extramammary

Paget’s Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1371

Sherrif F. Ibrahim, MD, PhD, Roy C. Grekin, MD, &

Isaac M. Neuhaus, MD

Section 22. Melanocytic Tumors

122 Benign Neoplasias and Hyperplasias of

Melanocytes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1377

James M. Grichnik, MD, PhD,

Arthur R. Rhodes, MD, MPH, &

Arthur J. Sober, MD

123 Atypical (Dysplastic) Melanocytic Nevi. . . . . . 1410

James M. Grichnik, MD, PhD &

Margaret A. Tucker, MD

124 Cutaneous Melanoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1416

Evans C. Bailey, MD, PhD,

Arthur J. Sober, MD, Hensin Tsao, MD, PhD,

Martin C. Mihm Jr, MD, FACP, &

Timothy M. Johnson, MD

Section 23. Tumors and Hyperplasias of the Dermis and Subc utaneous Fat

125 Malignant Fibrous, Fibrohistiocytic, and

Histiocytic Tumors of the Dermis. . . . . . . . . . . . 1445

Jürgen C. Becker, MD, PhD,

Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger, MD & Selma Ugurel, MD

126 Vascular Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1456

Erin F. Mathes, MD & Ilona J. Frieden, MD

127 Neoplasias and Hyperplasias of

Muscular and Neural Origin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1470

Lucile E. White, MD, Ross M. Levy, MD, &

Murad Alam, MD, MSci

128 Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Angiosarcoma. . . . . . . . 1481

Erwin Tschachler, MD

129 Neoplasms of Subcutaneous Fat. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1489

Thomas Brenn, MD, PhD, FRCPath

Section 24. Skin in Nutritional, Metabolic, and Heritable Disease

130 Cutaneous Changes in Nutritional Disease. . . . 1499

Melinda Jen, MD & Albert C. Yan, MD

131 Cutaneous Changes in Errors of

Amino Acid Metabolism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1525

Peter H. Itin, MD

132 The Porphyrias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1538

David R. Bickers, MD & Jorge Frank, MD, PhD

133 Amyloidosis of the Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1574

Helen J. Lachmann, MD, FRCP &

Philip N. Hawkins, PhD, FRCP, FRCPath, FMedSci

134 Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases. . . . . . . . 1584

Chyi-Chia Richard Lee, MD, PhD &

Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky, MD, MHS

135 Xanthomatoses and Lipoprotein Disorders. . . . 1600

Ernst J. Schaefer, MD & Raul D. Santos, MD, PhD

136 Fabry Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1613

Atul B. Mehta, MD, FRCP, FRCPath &

Catherine H. Orteu, MBBS, BSc, MD, FRCP

137 Lipoid Proteinosis and Heritable

Disorders of Connective Tissue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1624

Jonathan A. Dyer, MD

138 Cutaneous Mineralization and Ossification. . . .

1649

Janet A. Fairley, MD

139 Hereditary Disorders of Genome

Instability and DNA Repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1654

Thomas M. Rünger, MD, PhD,

John J. DiGiovanna, MD, &

Kenneth H. Kraemer, MD

140 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1671

Thomas N. Darling, MD, PhD

141 The Neurofibromatoses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1680

Robert Listernick, MD & Joel Charrow, MD

142 Ectodermal Dysplasias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1691

Alanna F. Bree, MD, Nnenna Agim, MD, &

Virginia P. Sybert, MD

143 Genetic Immunodeficiency Diseases. . . . . . . . . 1703

Ramsay L. Fuleihan, MD & Amy S. Paller, MD

Section 25. Skin Manifestations of Bone Marrow or Blood Chemistry Disorders

144 Hematologic Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1726

Warren W. Piette, MD

145 Cutaneous Lymphoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1745

Marc Beyer, MD & Wolfram Sterry, Prof. Dr.

146 Inflammatory Diseases That Simulate Lymphomas:

Cutaneous Pseudolymphomas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1767

Gary S. Wood, MD

147 Cutaneous Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. . . . . 1782

Carlo Gelmetti, MD

148 Non-Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. . . . . . . . . . 1795

Carlo Gelmetti, MD

149 Mastocytosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1809

Michael D. Tharp, MD

Section 26. Skin Ma nifestations of Internal Orga n Disorders

150 The Skin and Disorders of the Alimentary

Tract, the Hepatobiliary System, the Kidney,

and the Cardiopulmonary System. . . . . . . . . . . 1819

Graham A. Johnston, MBChB, FRCP &

Robin A.C. Graham-Brown, BSc, MB, FRCP, FRCPCH

151 Diabetes Mellitus and Other Endocrine

Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1840

Andrea A. Kalus, MD,

Andy J. Chien, MD, PhD, &

John E. Olerud, MD

152 Sarcoidosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1869

Richard M. Marchell, MD, Bruce Thiers, MD, &

Marc A. Judson, MD

153 Cutaneous Manifestations of Internal

Malignant Disease: Cutaneous

Paraneoplastic Syndromes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1880

Christine A. DeWitt, MD,

Lucinda S. Buescher, MD, & Stephen P. Stone, MD

Section 27. The Skin in Vascular and Connective Tissue and Other Autoimmune Disorders

154 Mechanisms of Autoimmune Disease. . . . . . . . 1901

Insoo Kang, MD & Joseph Craft, MD

155 Lupus Erythematosus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1909

Melissa I. Costner, MD &

Richard D. Sontheimer, MD

156 Dermatomyositis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1926

Richard D. Sontheimer, MD,

Christopher B. Hansen, MD, &

Melissa I. Costner, MD

157 Scleroderma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1942

P. Moinzadeh, MD,

Christopher P. Denton, PhD, FRCP, T. Krieg, MD, &

Carol M. Black, MD, FRCP, FMedSci

158 Scleredema and Scleromyxedema. . . . . . . . . . . . 1957

Roger H. Weenig, MD, MPH &

Mark R. Pittelkow, MD

159 Relapsing Polychondritis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1962

Camille Frances, MD

160 Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatic

Fever, and Gout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1965

Warren W. Piette, MD

161 Sjogren’s Syndrome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1976

Gabor Illei, MD, PhD, MHS &

Stamatina Danielides, MD

Section 28. The Skin in Inflammatory and Other Vascular Disorders

162 Endothelium in Inflammation and

Angiogenesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1986

Peter Petzelbauer, MD, Robert Loewe, MD, &

Jordan S. Pober, MD, PhD

163 Cutaneous Necrotizing Venulitis . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003

Nicholas A. Soter, MD

164 Systemic Necrotizing Arteritis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013

Peter A. Merkel, MD, MPH &

Paul A. Monach, MD, PhD

165 Erythema Elevatum Diutinum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2029

Nneka I. Comfere, MD &

Lawrence E. Gibson, MD

166 Adamantiades–Behcet Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2033

Christos C. Zouboulis, MD, PhD

167 Kawasaki Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2042

Anne H. Rowley, MD

168 Pigmented Purpuric Dermatoses. . . . . . . . . . . . 2049

Theresa Schroeder Devere, MD &

Anisha B. Patel, MD

169 Cryoglobulinemia and

Cryofibrinogenemia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2055

Holger Schmid, MD, MSc PD &

Gerald S. Braun, MD

170 Raynaud Phenomenon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2065

John H. Klippel, MD

171 Malignant Atrophic Papulosis

(Degos Disease) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2072

Dan Lipsker, MD, PhD

172 Vascular Malformations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2076

Laurence M. Boon, MD, PhD &

Miikka Vikkula, MD, PhD

173 Cutaneous Changes in Peripheral

Arterial Vascular Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2094

Veerendra Chadachan, MD

Steven M. Dean, DO, FACP, RPVI, &

Robert T. Eberhardt, MD, FACC, FSVM, RPVI

174 Cutaneous Changes in Peripheral

Venous and Lymphatic Insufficiency. . . . . . . . . 2110

Craig N. Burkhart, MD, Chris Adigun, MD, &

Claude S. Burton, MD

Section 29. Bacterial Disease

175 General Considerations of Bacterial

Diseases. 2121

Noah Craft, MD, PhD, DTMH

176 Superficial Cutaneous Infections

and Pyodermas. 2128

Noah Craft, MD, PhD, DTMH

177 Gram-Positive Infections Associated

with Toxin Production. 2148

Jeffrey B. Travers, MD, PhD &

Nico Mousdicas, MBChB, MD

178 Non-Necrotizing Infections of the

Dermis and Subcutaneous Fat:

Cellulitis and Erysipelas. 2160

Adam D. Lipworth, MD,

Arturo P. Saavedra, MD, PhD, MBA,

Arnold N. Weinberg, MD, &

Richard Allen Johnson, MDCM

179 Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections:

Necrotizing Fasciitis, Gangrenous

Cellulitis, and Myonecrosis . 2169

Adam D. Lipworth, MD,

Arturo P. Saavedra, MD, PhD, MBA,

Arnold N. Weinberg, MD, &

Richard Allen Johnson, MDCM

180 Gram-Negative Coccal and Bacillary

Infections. 2178

Myron S. Cohen, MD,

William A. Rutala, BS, MS, PhD, MPH, &

David J. Weber, MD, MPH

181 The Skin in Infective Endocarditis,

Sepsis, Septic Shock, and Disseminated

Intravascular Coagulation. 2194

Laura Korb Ferris, MD, PhD & Joseph C. English, MD

182 Bartonellosis. 2201

Timothy G. Berger, MD & Francisco G. Bravo, MD

183 Miscellaneous Bacterial Infections with

Cutaneous Manifestations. 2210

Scott A. Norton, MD, MPH, MS

184 Tuberculosis and Infections with

Atypical Mycobacteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2225

Aisha Sethi, MD

185 Actinomycosis, Nocardiosis, and Actinomycetoma

. 2241

Francisco G. Bravo, MD, Roberto Arenas, MD, &

Daniel Asz Sigall, MD

186 Leprosy . 2253

Delphine J. Lee, MD, PhD, FAAD,

Thomas H. Rea, & Robert L. Modlin, MD

187 Lyme Borreliosis. 2263

Meera Mahalingam, MD, PhD, FRCPath,

Jag Bhawan, MD, Daniel B. Eisen, MD, &

Linden Hu, MD

Section 30. Fungal Diseases

188 Superficial Fungal Infection. 2277

Stefan M. Schieke, MD & Amit Garg, MD

189 Yeast Infections: Candidiasis,

Tinea (Pityriasis) Versicolor, and

Malassezia (Pityrosporum) Folliculitis. 2298

Roopal V. Kundu, MD & Amit Garg, MD

190 Deep Fungal Infections. 2312

Roderick J. Hay, DM, FRCP, FRCPath, FMedSci

SECTION 31. Viral and Rickettsial Diseases

191 General Considerations of Viral Diseases. 2329

L. Katie Morrison, MD, Ammar Ahmed, MD,

Vandana Madkan, MD, Natalia Mendoza, MD, MS,

& Stephen Tyring, MD, PhD

192 Exanthematous Viral Diseases. 2337

Leah T. Belazarian, MD, Mayra E. Lorenzo, MD,

PhD, Andrea L. Pearson, MD,

Susan M. Sweeney, MD, & Karen Wiss, MD

193 Herpes Simplex . 2367

Adriana R. Marques, MD & Jeffrey I. Cohen, MD

194 Varicella and Herpes Zoster. 2383

Kenneth E. Schmader, MD & Michael N. Oxman, MD

195 Poxvirus Infections . 2402

Caroline Piggott, MD, Sheila Fallon Friedlander, MD,

& Wynnis Tom, MD

196 Human Papilloma Virus Infections . 2421

Elliot J. Androphy, MD & Reinhard Kirnbauer, MD

197 Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses . 2434

Erwin Tschachler, MD

198 Cutaneous Manifestations of Human

Immunodeficiency Virus Disease. 2439

Lily Changchien Uihlein, MD, JD,

Arturo P. Saavedra, MD, PhD, MBA, &

Richard Allen Johnson, MDCM

199 The Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and

Anaplasmoses. 2456

Sandra A. Kopp, MD, Analisa V. Halpern, MD,

Justin J. Green, MD & Warren R. Heymann, MD

SECTION 32. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

200 Syphilis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2471

Kenneth A. Katz, MD, MSc, MSCE

201 Endemic (Nonvenereal) Treponematoses. . . . . 2493

Nadine Marrouche, MD &

Samer H. Ghosn, MD

202 Chancroid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2501

Stephan Lautenschlager, MD

203 Lymphogranuloma Venereum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2505

Rim S. Ishak, MD & Samer H. Ghosn, MD

204 Granuloma Inguinale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2510

Abdul-Ghani Kibbi, MD, FAAD, FACP,

Ruba F. Bahhady, MD, & Myrna El-Shareef, MD

205 Gonorrhea, Mycoplasma, and Vaginosis. . . . . . 2514

Ted Rosen, MD

SECTION 33. Infestations, Bites, and Stings

206 Leishmaniasis and Other Protozoan

Infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2527

Joelle M. Malek, MD & Samer H. Ghosn, MD

207 Helminthic Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2544

Kathryn N. Suh, MD &

Jay S. Keystone, MD, MSc(CTM), FRCPC

208 Scabies, Other Mites, and Pediculosis . . . . . . . . 2569

Craig N. Burkhart, MD &

Craig G. Burkhart, MD, MPH

209 Bites and Stings of Terrestrial and

Aquatic Life. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2578

Jennifer S. Daly, MD &

Mark Jordan Scharf, MD

210 Arthropod Bites and Stings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2599

Robert A. Schwartz, MD, MPH &

Christopher J. Steen, MD

PART 10 Occupational Skin

Disea ses and Skin Disea ses

Due to Biologic Warfare

SECTION 34. Occupa tional Skin Diseases

211 Occupational Skin Diseases Due to

Irritants and Allergens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2611

Golara Honari, MD,

James S. Taylor, MD, FAAD, & Apra Sood, MD

212 Occupational Noneczematous Skin

Diseases Due to Biologic, Physical,

and Chemical Agents: Introduction. . . . . . . . . . 2622

Paul X. Benedetto, MD,

James S. Taylor, MD, FAAD, &

Apra Sood, MD

SECTION 35. The Skin in Bioterrorism and Biologic Warfare

213 Cutaneous Manifestations of Biologic,

Chemical, and Radiologic Attacks . . . . . . . . . . . 2633

Scott A. Norton, MD, MPH, MSc

PART 11 THERAPEUTICS

SECTION 36. Topical Therapy

214 Principles of Topical Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2643

Aieska De Souza, MD, MS &

Bruce E. Strober, MD, PhD

215 Pharmacokinetics and Topical Applications

of Drugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2652

Hans Schaefer, PhD, Thomas E. Redelmeier, MD

Gerhard J. Nohynek, PhD, DABT, &

Jurgen Lademann, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Dr.-Ing. habil.

216 Topical Corticosteroids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2659

Isabel C. Valencia, MD &

Francisco A. Kerdel, MD

217 Topical Retinoids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2665

Anna L. Chien, MD,

John J. Voorhees, MD, FRCP, &

Sewon Kang, MD

218 Topical Antibiotics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2673

Mark W. Bonner, MD & William D. James, MD

219 Topical Antifungal Agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2677

Whitney A. High, MD, JD, MEng &

James E. Fitzpatrick, MD

220 Topical and Intralesional Cytotoxic

Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2685

Aieska De Souza, MD, MS,

Megan M. Moore, MD, & Bruce E. Strober, MD, PhD

221 Topical Immunomodulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2690

Edward M. Esparza, MD, PhD &

Robert Sidbury, MD, MPH

222 Other Topical Medications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2697

Craig N. Burkhart, MD &

Kenneth A. Katz, MD, MSc, MSCE

223 Photoprotection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2707

Henry W. Lim, MD

SECTION 37. Systemic Therapy

224 Systemic Glucocorticoids. 2714

Victoria P. Werth, MD

225 Dapsone. 2721

Joni G. Sago, MD & Russell P. Hall III, MD

226 Aminoquinolines. 2726

Susannah E. McClain, MD, Jeffrey R. LaDuca, MD, PhD

& Anthony A. Gaspari, MD

227 Cytotoxic and Antimetabolic Agents. 2735

Whitney A. High, MD, JD, MEng &

James E. Fitzpatrick, MD

228 Retinoids. 2759

Anders Vahlquist, MD, PhD &

Jean-Hilaire Saurat, MD

229 Antihistamines. 2767

Robert A. Wood, MD

230 Antibiotics. 2776

Christopher C. Gasbarre, DO, FAAD,

Steven K. Schmitt, MD, &

Kenneth J. Tomecki, MD

231 Antiviral Drugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2787

Dirk M. Elston, MD

232 Oral Antifungal Agents. 2796

Reza Jacob, MD & Nellie Konnikov, MD

233 Immunosuppressive and Immunomodulatory

Drugs. 2807

Jeffrey P. Callen, MD

234 Immunobiologicals, Cytokines, and

Growth Factors in Dermatology. 2814

Stephen K. Richardson, MD &

Joel M. Gelfand, MD, MSCE

235 Antiangiogenic Agents. 2827

Ricardo L. Berrios, MD, Michael Y. Bonner, BA,

Jonathan Hofmekler, BSc, &

Jack L. Arbiser, MD, PhD

236 Drug Interactions. 2834

Stephen E. Wolverton, MD

SECTION 38. Physical Treatments

237 Phototherapy . 2841

Jennifer A. Cafardi, MD, Brian P. Pollack, MD, PhD, &

Craig A. Elmets, MD

238 Photochemotherapy and Photodynamic

Therapy. 2851

Herbert Hönigsmann, MD,

Rolf-Markus Szeimies, MD, PhD, &

Robert Knobler, MD

239 Lasers and Flashlamps in Dermatology.

. . . . . 2869

Michael Landthaler, MD,

Wolfgang Bäumler, PhD, &

Ulrich Hohenleutner, MD

240 Radiotherapy . 2890

Roy H. Decker, MD, PhD, &

Lynn D. Wilson, MD, MPH

SECTION 39. Complementary and Alternative Dermatology

241 Complementary and Alternative

Medicine in Dermatology. 2899

Alan Dattner, MD

SECTION 40. Surgery in Dermatology

242 Anatomy and Approach in Dermatologic

Surgery. 2905

Sumaira Z. Aasi, MD &

Brent E. Pennington, MD

243 Excisional Surgery and Repair, Flaps, and

Grafts. 2921

Jessica M. Sheehan, MD, Melanie Kingsley, MD, &

Thomas E. Rohrer, MD

244 Mohs Micrographic Surgery . 2950

Joseph Alcalay, MD &

Ronen Alkalay, MD, MBA

245 Nail Surgery. 2956

Robert Baran, MD

246 Cryosurgery and Electrosurgery. 2968

Justin J. Vujevich, MD &

Leonard H. Goldberg, MD, FRCP

247 Surgical Complications. 2977

Richard G. Bennett, MD

248 Mechanisms of Wound Repair, Wound

Healing, and Wound Dressing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2984

Vincent Falanga, MD, FACP &

Satori Iwamoto, MD, PhD

249 Treatment for Varicose and Telangiectatic

Leg Veins. 2997

Robert A. Weiss, MD & Margaret A. Weiss, MD

SECTION 41. Cosmetic Dermatology

250 Cosmetics and Skin Care in Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3009

Leslie Baumann, MD

251 Ablative Lasers, Chemical Peels, and

Dermabrasion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3021

Elizabeth L. Tanzi, MD &

Tina S. Alster, MD

252 Cosmetic Applications of Nonablative

Lasers and Other Light Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3032

Elliot T. Weiss, MD,

Anne M. Chapas, MD, &

Roy G. Geronemus, MD

253 Liposuction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3041

William G. Stebbins, MD, Aimee L. Leonard, MD, &

C. William Hanke, MD, MPH, FACP

254 Soft Tissue Augmentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3044

Lisa M. Donofrio, MD

255 Botulinum Toxin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3053

Richard G. Glogau, MD

256 Hair Transplantation and Alopecia Reduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3061

Walter P. Unger, MD, Robin H. Unger, MD, &

Mark A. Unger, MD, CCFP

Index . I-1